Famous Wars and Battles of Indian History
The JNICS Academy is providing the list of famous wars and battle of the Indian History. We have considered all important wars and battles which are being asked in the different previous year exams.
| Famous Wars and Battles of Indian History | ||
| Battle/War | Year | Fought Between |
| Battle of ten Kings or Dasharajnya | Rig Vedic Period | Bharatas (named Sudas, the priest of Bharatas was Vashisht) and the group of ten kings. Vishwamitra supported the group of ten tribes. |
| Battle of Hydaspes | 326 B.C. | Between the armies of Alexander and the king Porus (Puru, Paurava) on the bank of Jhelum River. |
| Kalinga War | 261 B.C. | Ashoka and Kalingans, 13th Rock Edict of Ashoka |
| Invasions from the Central Asia during Ancient Times: 1. The Indo-Greeks (190 BC) 2. The Sakas (90 BC- 100 AD) 3. The Parthians (19-45 AD) 4. The Kushans (45-73 AD) | ||
| Battle of Narmada | 4 April, 619 | fought between king Pulakeshin-II of Chalukya dynasty and king Harshavardhana of Pushyabhuti Dynasty on the bank of Narmada river. The battle resulted in the great victory of Pulakeshin II and the retreat of Harsha and his forces. |
| Tripartite Struggle | 8th to 9th Century | The Struggle among Gurjara-Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas and Palas for the Supremacy over North India (Kannauj). |
| First Battle of Tarain | 1191 | Prithviraj Chauhan and Mohammad Ghori |
| Second Battle of Tarain | 1192 | Prithviraj Chauhan and Mohammad Ghori |
| Battle of Chandawar | 1194 | Ghurid Empire and Gahadavala Dynasty (Mohammad Ghori & Jai Chand of Kannauj) |
| The Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526 A.D.): 1. The slave or Mameluk Dynasty (1206-1290 A.D.) 2. The Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320 A.D.) 3. The Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414 A.D.) 4. The Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451 A.D.) 5. The Lodhi Dynasty (1451-1526 A.D.) | ||
| Foreign Invaders of Medieval India: Genghis Khan attacked during the reign of Iltutmish (1210-36).Timur invaded during the reign of Nasiruddin Mahmud in 1398.Nadir Shah invaded during the reign of Muhammad Shah in 1739.Ahmad Shah Abdali invaded India during the reign of Shah Alam II b/w (1748-61) AD. Third Battle of Panipat (14 January, 1761) | ||
| Portuguese conquest of Goa | 1510 | Portuguese Empire and Bijapur Sultanate |
| Battle of Sar-e-Pul | 1501 | Shaybani Khan defeated Babur |
| First Battle of Panipat | 21 April, 1526 | Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi |
| Battle of Khanwa | 17 March, 1527 | Babur and Rana Sanga |
| Battle of Chanderi | 1528 | Babur and Medini Rai |
| Battle of Ghaghra | 5 May, 1529 | Babur and Afghans |
| Battle of Daurah (Devara) | 1532 | Humayun defeated Afghan rebels Mahmud Lodi on the bank of Gomti |
| Battle of Chausa | 26 June,1539 | Sher Shah defeated Mughal emperor Humayun |
| Battle of Kannauj (Bilgram) | 17 May, 1540 | Sher Shah Suri defeated Mughal emperor Humayun |
| Battle of Sammel/Giri-Sumel | 1544 | Sher Shah Suri and Rathore army led by Jaita and Kumpa of Rao Maldeo Rathore |
| Battle of Sirhind | 22 June, 1555 | Humayun defeated Sikandar Suri |
| Second Battle of Panipat | 5 Nov, 1556 | Bairam Khan (For Akbar) and Hem Chandra Vikramaditya (Hemu) |
| Battle of Talikota | 1565 | Unified Army of the five Deccan Sultanates and Vijayanagara Army |
| Battle of Haldighati | 18 June, 1576 | Akbar’s army (led by Man Singh) and Rana of Mewar Pratap (Commander- Hakim Khan Suri) |
| Battle of Asirgarh | 1601 | Akbar and Miran Bahadur. Miran Bahadur was defeated. |
| “Treaty of Chittor” signed between Jahangir and Rana Amar Singh in 1615 AD. | ||
| Battle of Balkh | 1646 | Mughal emperor launched a military expedition to conquer Balkh and the Neighbouring province of Badakhshah. |
| Battle of Dharmat (Dharmatpur), Near Ujjain on the bank of river Narmada | 15 April, 1658 | Dara Shikoh was supported by Raja Jaswant Singh of Jodhpur and Aurangzeb by Prince Murad. Aurangzeb won the Battle. |
| Battle of Samugarh | 29 May, 1658 | Dara Shikoh and his two younger brothers Aurangzeb and Murad Baksh |
| Battle of ‘Khajwa’ and ‘Devarai’ in Delhi | 31 July, 1659 | Aurangzeb and Shah Suza |
| Battle of Pratapgad | 10 Nov. 1659 | Maratha Empire and Adilshahi Dynasty of Bijapur (Shivaji and Afzal Khan) |
| Battle of Kolhapur | 1659 | Maratha Empire and Adilshahi Dynasty |
| Battle of Pavan Khind | 1660 | Maratha Empire and Adilshahi Dynasty |
| Battle of Surat | 1664 | Maratha Empire and Mughal Empire |
| “Treaty of Purandar” was signed b/w Shivaji and Mughal General Raja Jai Singh of Amber in 1665. | ||
| Battle of Khed | 1707 | Shahu and Tarabai for the Maratha throne |
| Battle of Karnal | 25 Jan, 1739 | Forces of Nadir Shah and Muhammad Shah, Mughal Emperor of India. |
| Sangola Agreement or the Treaty of Sangola, 1750– Maratha King became a Mayor of Palace and Peshwa emerged as the real and effective head of Maratha Confederacy. | ||
| Carnatic Wars (Anglo-French Rivalry) | ||
| First Carnatic War | 1744-48 | Austrian War of Succession; Treaty of Aix-La-Chapelle, 1748 ended the war of Austrian Succession. |
| Battle of St. Thome (in Madras) | 1746 | French army under Captain Paradise defeated the forces of Anwar-ud-din (the Nawab of Carnatic) under Mahfuz Khan |
| Second Carnatic War | 1749-54 | The dispute of succession in the Nizam of Hyderabad and over the Nawabship of Carnatic, Ended with Treaty of Pondicherry, 1754 |
| Third Carnatic War | 1756-63 | Treaty of Peace of Paris, 1763; Pondicherry was returned to French. |
| Battle of Wandiwash | 22 Jan, 1760 | The English General, Sir Eyre Coote, defeated the French Army under Count-de-Lally. |
| Battle of Ambur | August, 1749 | The Combined forces of Muzaffar Jung, Chanda Sahib and the French defeated and killed Anwar-ud-din at the battle of Amur near Bellore |
| Battle of Chilianwala | 13 Jan, 1849 | British army under Lord Gough and Sikh army under Sher Singh. |
| Battle of Khurda (or Khurla) | 1795 | Maratha defeated the Nizam of Hyderabad |
| Battle of Plassey | 23 June, 1757 | Robert Clive & Siraj-ud-Daulah |
| Third Battle of Panipat | 14 Jan, 1761 | Maratha Confederacy and Durrani Empire (Sadashiv Rao Bhau and Ahmad Shah Abdali) |
| Battle of Buxar | 22 October, 1764 | Combined forces of Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula and Shah Alam II and East India Company led by Hector Munro; Treaty of Allahabad, 1765 |
| Treaty of Allahabad, 1765: concluded by Robert Clive with Shuja-ud-Daula and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II. The company acquired both the Diwani as well as Nizamat rights over Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. | ||
| Anglo-Maratha Rivalry | ||
| First Anglo-Maratha War | 1775-1782 | The interference of the English in the internal affairs of the Marathas, Treaty of Surat (March, 1775) b/w Raghunath Rao and the Bombay Council of British, Treaty of Purandar (1776)- accepted Madhav Rao II as new Peshwa, Treaty of Salbai (1782), Treaty of Bassein (31 Dec, 1802)- Last Peshwa Baji Rao II and the English & acceptance of Subsidiary Alliance. |
| Second Anglo-Maratha War | 1803-1805 | The Scindia and Bhonsle entered into the subsidiary Alliance by the Treaty of Surje-Arjangaon & the Treaty of Deogaon. Treaty of Rajghat (Jan, 1806): Yashwant Rao Holkar and the British. |
| Third Anglo-Maratha War | 1817-1818 | The Maratha confederacy and the British. |
| Anglo-Maratha Treaties At a Glance Treaty of Surat, 1775: was signed by Raghunath Rao wherein he promised to hand over Bassein and Salsette and a few islands near Bombay to the British. Treaty of Purandhar, 1776: was signed by Madhav Rao II. The Company got a huge war indemnity and retained Salsette. Treaty of Salbai, 1782: was signed by Mahadji Scindia whereby the British influence in Indian politics and mutual conflicts increased amongst the Marathas. Treaty of Bassein, 1802: was signed between Baji Rao II. This treaty gave effective control of not only Maratha but also Deccan regions to the Company. Treaty of Deogaon, 1803: Bhonsle assured British supremacy over the Maratha kingdom. Treaty of Surji-Arjangaon, 1803: Daulat Rao Scindia assured the British supremacy over the Maratha kingdom. Treaty of Rajghat, Jan. 1806: Holkar accepted the supremacy of the British and given back the greater part of his territories. | ||
| Anglo-Mysore Rivalry | ||
| First Anglo-Mysore War | 1766-1769 | Hyder Ali defeated the joint forces of the British, the Nizam of Hyderabad and the Marathas. Treaty of Madras (1769) |
| Second Anglo-Mysore War | 1780-1784 | Hyder Ali died in Dec. 1782. The English forces were led by Sir Eyre Coote. Ended inconclusively with the signing of the Treaty of Mangalore, 1784 (Tipu Sultan & the English)– returned the conquered land of each other. |
| Third Anglo-Mysore War | 1789-1792 | Treaty of Srirangapatam, March 1792- Tipu sultan lost his half territory. |
| Fourth Anglo-Mysore War | 1799 | Tipu Sultan died. Prince Krishna, a boy of Wodeyar Family, was placed on the throne and Subsidiary Alliance was imposed. |
| TREATIES SIGNED BY HYDER ALI AND TIPU SULTAN Treaty of Madras, 1769: restored the conquered territories to their respective owners. Treaty of Mangalore, 1784: restored the conquered territories mutually and liberated war prisoners. Treaty of Srirangapatanam, 1792: was signed by Tipu Sultan by which he had to cede half of his territory to the Company and paid a huge war reparation. | ||
| Annexation of Punjab | ||
| First Anglo-Sikh War | 1845-46 | Sikhs under Ranjit Singh Majithia were defeated by the English. Treaty of Lahore (9th March, 1846), Treaty of Bhairowal or Second Treaty of Lahore (16th Dec, 1846) |
| Second Anglo-Sikh War | 1848-49 | The battle at Gujarat under the command of Sir Charles Napier was decisive. Punjab was annexed to the British dominion in 1849. Dalip Singh and his mother, Rani Jindan, were pensioned off and sent to England. |
| Treaty of Amritsar (Treaty of Perpetual Friendship), 25 April 1809: Maharaja Ranjit Singh accepted the Company’s greater right over the territory south of the Sutlej river. (Charles T. Metcalfe and Maharaja Ranjit Singh) Treaty of Lahore (9th March, 1846): The territory lying to the south of the river Sutlej were given to the company. The Sikhs committed to pay 1.5 crore rupees as war indemnity. Treaty of Bhairowal (second treaty of Lahore), 16 dec. 1846: The British army would stay at Lahore. Battle of Ramnagar, 22 Nov. 1848: The British were led by Sir Hugh Gough, while the Sikhs were led by Raja Sher Singh Attariwalla. Battle of Chillianwala, 13 Jan. 1849: British army under Sir Hugh Gough and Sikhs forces under Raja Sher Singh Attariwalla. Battle of Gujarat, 21 Feb. 1849: Sikhs army was defeated by the British Forces. Finally Punjab was annexed in British dominion. | ||
| The Anglo-Burma Relation | ||
| First Anglo-Burmese War | 1824-26 | The British army under Lord Amherst and the Burmese King. The Burmese king ceded the province of Arakan and Tenasserim, withdrew from Assam and recognised the independence of Manipur. |
| Second Anglo-Burmese War | 1852 | British forces under the General Godwin and Burmese King Tharrawaddy. Hostility ended with the accession of king Mindon in 1853. |
| Anglo-Nepal Relations Treaty of Sagauli, 1816: The Gurkhas gave up their claim over the Tarai Region and ceded the Kumaon and Garhwal areas to the British. Treaty of Chogyal, 1817: signed between the English and Nepal. Lord Hastings handed over the territory lying between the Tista and the Mechi Rivers to Nepal. The treaty ended the domination of Nepal over Sikkim for the future. | ||
Related Post Links to visit:
- The Sources of Indian Constitution
- The Governor-Generals and Viceroys of India
- The Parts and Articles of the Indian Constitution
- महात्मा गाँधी जी और भारतीय राष्ट्रीय आन्दोलन
- मौर्य साम्राज्य प्रशासन कला और संस्कृति
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